Autoimmune Diseases | Targeted Conditions
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune condition that causes pain, swelling and stiffness in the joints, usually on both sides of the body.
Book a consultationAutoimmuneThe immune system attacks the lining of the joints.
Early treatmentStarting treatment early can limit joint damage.
Beyond jointsIt can also affect eyes, lungs, heart and fatigue levels.
How Rheumatoid Arthritis develops
The immune system attacks the synovium, the thin lining of the joints, causing it to thicken and release chemicals that can damage cartilage and bone. The exact cause is unknown; genetics, smoking and other factors may contribute.
Common signs and symptoms
- Painful, swollen, stiff joints, especially in the morning
- Symptoms in hands, wrists and feet on both sides
- Fatigue and general unwellness
- Fevers and loss of appetite
- Periods of flare-up and relative calm
Standard medical care
- Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
- Biologic medicines for people who need them
- Short-term steroids and anti-inflammatory pain relief
- Physiotherapy, occupational therapy and joint protection
Regenerative research
Researchers are studying how MSCs may help modulate immune activity. This work is at an early stage, and any such approach would complement, not replace, your rheumatology care.
Evidence status: regenerative cell therapies for this condition are investigational. Results vary between people, and nothing on this page is a promise of benefit. Use them only after discussion with your own specialist.
Trusted patient information
Questions worth asking any clinic
- Is this treatment licensed, or part of a regulated clinical trial?
- What does the published evidence show, and what are the known risks?
- What would it cost, and what happens if it does not help?
- How will my own specialist or GP be kept informed?
This page is for general information only and does not offer a diagnosis or promise any outcome. Always continue the treatment advised by your own doctors.
