Musculoskeletal | Targeted Conditions
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a condition in which the smooth cartilage that cushions the joint gradually thins and roughens, leading to pain, stiffness and reduced movement.
Book a consultationMost common arthritisOsteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis.
Common sitesKnees, hips, hands and spine.
Active managementExercise and weight management are central to care.
How Osteoarthritis develops
As cartilage wears, the underlying bone can thicken and form bony spurs, and the joint lining can become inflamed. Age, previous injury, joint overuse and excess weight all contribute.
Common signs and symptoms
- Joint pain that worsens with activity
- Stiffness after rest
- Reduced range of movement
- Swelling and a grating or creaking sensation
- Muscle weakness around the joint
Standard medical care
- Exercise, physiotherapy and weight management
- Pain relief including topical and oral medicines
- Steroid injections for flare-ups
- Joint replacement surgery for advanced disease
Regenerative research
Cell-based and platelet-based biological therapies are being studied for effects on cartilage and joint inflammation. Results to date are mixed and study quality varies, so these remain under investigation rather than standard care.
Evidence status: regenerative cell therapies for this condition are investigational. Results vary between people, and nothing on this page is a promise of benefit. Use them only after discussion with your own specialist.
Trusted patient information
Questions worth asking any clinic
- Is this treatment licensed, or part of a regulated clinical trial?
- What does the published evidence show, and what are the known risks?
- What would it cost, and what happens if it does not help?
- How will my own specialist or GP be kept informed?
This page is for general information only and does not offer a diagnosis or promise any outcome. Always continue the treatment advised by your own doctors.
